A Comprehensive Guide to the OSI 7-Layer Model
The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) 7-layer model is a conceptual framework that divides the process of network communication into seven distinct layers. Standardized by the ISO in 1984, it serves as the reference model for modern networks. Layer 7 - Application Layer The layer closest to the user, the Application Layer is where the user-facing applications we interact with operate. Key Protocols: HTTP: Web service communication FTP: File transfer SMTP: Email transfer DNS: Domain name resolution Practical Use Cases: ...