Getting Started with Spring Boot
History and Background of Spring Framework Spring Framework is a Java-based enterprise application framework first released in 2003, based on ideas Rod Johnson presented in his 2002 book “Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and Development.” It emerged as an alternative to the complex and heavyweight EJB (Enterprise JavaBeans) 2.x at the time, proposing a lightweight development approach based on POJOs (Plain Old Java Objects). EJB 2.x was tightly coupled to containers, making unit testing difficult, required extensive XML configuration, and had low development productivity. Spring addressed these issues by making IoC (Inversion of Control) and DI (Dependency Injection) its core concepts, reducing coupling between objects and improving testability. ...