JPA First-Level and Second-Level Cache
History and Concepts of Hibernate Cache Architecture Hibernate has included caching as a core performance feature since Gavin King first developed it in 2001. Since then, its cache architecture has evolved into a two-level hierarchy consisting of first-level and second-level cache, reducing database access and improving application performance. The first-level cache is a mandatory feature that has existed since Hibernate’s early versions alongside Session (now EntityManager). The persistence context itself serves as the first-level cache, guaranteeing entity identity within a transaction and providing the foundation for Dirty Checking. ...